The Short Answer

In Pennsylvania, whether an estate is “open” (and what filings exist) is typically determined by checking the case file maintained by the county Register of Wills where the decedent lived. If probate was opened, the Register of Wills will have a docket/file that may include the will (if any), the petition, and the grant of letters.

What Pennsylvania Law Says

Probate and estate administration in Pennsylvania are handled at the county level through the Register of Wills (and, depending on the issue, the Orphans’ Court division). A key first step is identifying the correct county, because that determines where the probate file would exist and where you can request copies of filings.

The Statute

The primary law governing where a will must be probated (and where the estate file is maintained) is 20 Pa.C.S. § 3131.

This statute establishes that a Pennsylvania decedent’s will is generally probated only in the county where the decedent had their last family or principal residence (with different rules if the decedent was not domiciled in Pennsylvania).

Relatedly, the county that can issue letters testamentary or letters of administration (often the clearest indicator that an estate is open and who has authority to act) is governed by 20 Pa.C.S. § 3151.

If you want more background before you speak with counsel, you may also find these helpful: How Can I Get a Copy of a Will in Pennsylvania? and How Can I Access and Manage Probate Court Documents Online in Pennsylvania?.

Why You Should Speak with an Attorney

Even when you know the county, confirming “open status” and getting the right filings can get complicated fast—especially if there are multiple family members, multiple counties, or questions about who has authority to act. Legal outcomes often depend on:

• Strict Deadlines: If you’re trying to challenge a will, object to an appointment, or protect an inheritance, timing can matter and missing a deadline can limit your options.
• Burden of Proof: If there’s a dispute (for example, over a later will, capacity, or undue influence), you may need admissible evidence—not just suspicions—to get traction.
• Exceptions: Estates aren’t always opened where you expect (for example, if domicile is unclear, property is in another county, or there are out-of-state proceedings), and the “right” filing path can change depending on the facts.

An attorney can quickly identify the proper county, determine whether letters were issued, request the correct certified copies, and advise you on what the filings mean for your rights—without you risking missteps that can delay matters or weaken your position.

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Disclaimer: This article provides general information under Pennsylvania law and does not create an attorney-client relationship. Laws change frequently. For legal advice specific to your situation, please consult with a licensed attorney.