Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Consult a qualified attorney or tax professional for guidance on your specific situation.
Detailed Answer
When someone dies in West Virginia, the executor (also called the personal representative) must obtain an Employer Identification Number (EIN) for the estate. The EIN functions like a Social Security number for the estate. You need it to file federal and state tax returns, open bank accounts, and manage estate assets.
Step 1: Confirm the Need for an EIN
Most estates require an EIN if they:
- Generate income after the decedent’s death (interest, dividends, rental income).
- Must file a federal Form 1041 (U.S. Income Tax Return for Estates and Trusts).
- Have employees or owe certain federal taxes.
For federal requirements, see 26 C.F.R. §301.6109-2 and IRS Form 1041 instructions.
Step 2: Gather Required Information
- Legal name of the estate, typically “Estate of [Decedent’s Name].”
- Executor’s name, Social Security number, and contact details.
- Date and place of decedent’s death.
- Decedent’s last residence.
- Entity type: “Estate.”
Step 3: Apply to the IRS for the EIN
- Online: Use the IRS EIN Assistant at Apply for an EIN Online. You receive the EIN immediately.
- By Fax or Mail: Complete IRS Form SS-4 and fax to 855-641-6935 or mail to: Internal Revenue Service, Attn: EIN Operation, Cincinnati, OH 45999. Expect 4–5 weeks by mail.
Step 4: Use the EIN for Federal and West Virginia Filings
- File federal Form 1041 with the new EIN.
- Submit West Virginia fiduciary income tax returns as required under WV Code §11-21-8.
- Open estate bank accounts and handle financial transactions with the EIN.
Helpful Hints
- Apply online if you need the EIN quickly.
- Keep a copy of the SS-4 or confirmation notice in your permanent file.
- Notify the West Virginia State Tax Department when you file state returns.
- Hire a tax professional if the estate has complex income streams.
- Coordinate with beneficiaries on filing deadlines and documentation needs.